Bhagavad Gita Chapter 18, Verse 43

English Translation

The natural duties of the Ksatriyas are heroism, boldness, fortitude, capability, and also not retreating from battle, generosity and lordliness.

Detailed Commentary

Shāuryam (Valor): Eagerness to uphold one's Dharma in the mind. Absence of fear of injury, dismemberment, or death in a righteous war. Maintaining joy and enthusiasm even when wounded. Continuing to wield weapons as before, even after being decapitated. This is called Shāuryam. Tejas (Radiance/Aura): That influence or power before which sinful individuals hesitate to commit sin or misconduct. That before which people do not transgress bounds of propriety. This is called Tejas. Dhṛti (Fortitude/Steadfastness): Not deviating from Dharma even in adverse circumstances. Patiently facing inappropriate conduct from enemies. Remaining within the bounds of Dharma. This is called Dhṛti. Dākṣyam (Skill/Dexterity): Special ability and astuteness in governing the populace and keeping it well-ordered. This is called Dākṣyam. Yuddhe Cāpyapalāyanam (Non-fleeing from battle): Never showing one's back in battle, never accepting defeat in the mind, and never abandoning the war. This is called Apalāyanam. Dānam (Charity/Generosity): Kshatriyas give charity with liberality. Presently, the disposition for charity and meritorious acts is found among Vaishyas, but they often harbor greed for wealth. Kshatriyas are generous in giving, hence the word Dānam is included in the nature of Kshatriyas. Īśvarabhāva (Lordship/Leadership quality): Kshatriyas possess a natural inclination to govern. Upon witnessing conduct contrary to Nīti (ethics) and Dharma, they desire to guide people onto the right path. This sentiment is devoid of arrogance, as Kshatriyas possess the qualities of humility and simplicity. Kṣātraṁ Karma Svabhāvajam (Actions born of Kshatriya nature): One who protects the people from suffering is called a Kshatriya. The inherent actions of a Kshatriya are known as Kṣātra karma. Connection: Now the inherent actions of Vaishyas and Shudras will be described.